Hi Regina, I break my class up into small groups (3-4 students) and assign each group a topic to discuss in their group and then report out. I rotate within the group who reports out. So every person in the group gives a report. After doing this a few times class members start to get comfortable and start to contribute to the general class discussion. When I have students that don't contribute I will call on them for their thoughts and they do a good job of sharing them. I just keep encouraging them every chance I get and as the class progresses so do they in the contributions they make. Gary