Hi Michael - Thanks for your post to the forum. You bring up an important point. As instructors who deal with our students on a daily basis and assess them through questioning , we have a good grasp of how much each student knows. Sometimes however, we have a student who really just does not test well. Be it anxiety or whatever, they "freeze" when taking actual exams. When I look at the high school records of these students, it seems clear that they should probably have had an IEP (Individualized Education Plan) that would have given them some assistance. Now on the post-secondary level there is not so much we can do. Best wishes for continued success in your teaching career. Susan