Tom, Don't have a specific answer to your question because it is an ongoing challenge for me as well. I reach out to the students in a number of different ways as we get ready to have a live chat or conference call so they are reminded to be in attendance but it seems that like with all situations the motivated and engaged students are on the chats or calls and the students that are on the bubble in terms of success in the course are not there. I follow up with them but it is not the same as if they had sit in on the actual sessions. I just keep working at this with progress being slowly. Gary Gary Meers, Ed.D.