Hi Lynn: Good ideas. And I think there are diffrent types of loss of attention. One level just require students to quickly get refocused. Asking a student a question gets the attention of the class as they feel they asked a question also. Circulating around the room creates an active delivery. Looking directly at students (but not staring!) keeps their attention. Other times, more aggressive action is needed. This where we might transition from lecture to discussion, or doing worksheets to something in lab, etc. The key is to keep students active, in their minds and with their bodies. Even just taking a moment to stand or stand and bend over to touct the toes, then sitting down ad continuing. These methods break the artificial sense of apathy. Keeping them active will always help. Regards, Barry