David Hopkins

Closing the loop means creating effective linkages between planning and assessment of student learning outcomes, to inform and drive the academic learning process.

Formative assessments should be embedded in instruction and designed to improve the course and the learning. They are a simple method by which you can frequently assess student progress and adjust instructional strategies. This allows for differentiated learning to meet the learning styles of our diverse learners. Formative assessment should be an ongoing part of the teaching and learning process. 

Scaffolding is the process of building knowledge and skills, and a knowledge/skills structure, based on prior knowledge, skills, and experiences. The instructor’s role is to be the “tour guide,” helping students map their success in an online course.

Module Consistency is important because it gives students nonverbal cues that shape their epectations in completing assignments.