Margeaux, Great question about cognitive processing of written material. The answer from my research on cognitive processing the past 30 years is it depends on the individual. My work in the area of multiple intelligence assessment has shown me that a person that has input via written word, may do an internal auditory perception, may do a visual perception (turn words into pictures) or tactile perception (words into mental action). This is why it is important to offer content in a variety of ways so that the students will learn how to receive information in different venues and then be able to internalize it in their memories in such a way that they can retrieve it as needed. Gary Dr. Gary Meers