Hi Hoang: Change ups like moving students into small group activity can be successful, but often not even that much re-focusing is needed. Asking students questions as the teacher is lecturing can awaken students focus. Another step is circulating around the room. One of the best ways is to shift away from the topic and share a story about the work setting. Students like stories. Afterq=wards, retrurn to topic. It's amazing how effective something as simple as a work related story can refocus students attention. Regards, Barry