Hi Roger: Good comment. I think of preparation like an auto mechanic. You bring your car in for some problem. You expect the shop to be clean and orderly (prepared). You expect the mechanic to quickly arrive at a diagnosis of the problem (instruction). And you expect the problem fixed when you pick up you care (knowledge received). Now if you went to a shop, where it was dirty, greasy, and the mechanic had to look all around for tools and/or parts, and it took twice as long as estimated to fix the problem, that'd be a different story. So I'm sure you see the comparison. Prepared means ready - for both what is planned and that which is not. We want to be in charge of making all class sessions productive and effective. It's our duty to the our students. Regards, Barry