I have to admit that I have difficulty remembering the names of my students especially when teaching 4 classes in a semester which can total up to 80+ students.  One icebreaker that I use is having students write their names on a manila file folder and then think of adjectives with each letter of their name to describe themselves.  When students introduce themselves using the adjectives you connect with them and remember something unique about them.  I usually take notes as they discuss things about themselves.  This helps me to remember their names.  It becomes more personal.

I like the idea of not having to give a final exam.  I know when I was in college and had to take a final, I would get so nervous that I would break out in hives and forget everthing I studied.  The like the idea of giving a series of smaller tests. I would have them visit a lab school to observe the skill they learned in action.  Then, give a test with only 5 short answer questions. Many students learn by hands-on experiences rather than reading and lecture.

I do have some students in my class that are inattentive, using their cell phones,ipads, computers or doodling.  And, as you stated, i do walk toward them and immediately they put their devices down.  In addition,  I  have had some "Center-Staged Sudents".  I love both your ideas about asking them to be "observers" and taking notes.  But my favorite idea is "Using it Wisely.  I think it gvies the students reponsibity in adding good conversation about the topic.

I always have an icebreaker for the first meeting of class.  I ask the students to find a new friend and interview them, using the hand-out that I give them.  Questions include some background information about themselves and then reasons for taking this class.  Students introduce their new friend by the answers they received.  I also agree that the syllabus needs to be specific, including learning outcomes, course topics to be discussed, an explanation of course assignments, grading, and participation.  I liked the idea of included information about missed or late assignments.